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Public sector performance and public spending efficiency: An international comparative analysis using the DEA approach on a panel of 40 countries | ||
| International Journal of Business and Development Studies | ||
| دوره 18، شماره 1، شهریور 2026 | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22111/ijbds.2026.56059.2350 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Binafou FASSA* ؛ Rafika ZIDAT؛ Abdellatif NAIT-CHABANE | ||
| Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics, Business and Management Sciences, University of Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Objective: This article evaluates the efficiency of public expenditure allocation to optimize the overall performance of the public sector. Conducted on a panel of forty countries stratified by income level, this study highlights the crucial dimension of expenditure quality. This issue, which remains marginally explored in recent empirical literature, takes on a particular urgency in a context of structural and perpetual growth of global public budgets. Methods: Methodological rigor rests on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), a non-parametric approach highly suitable for estimating relative technical efficiency scores from annual data covering the 2015-2025 period. Furthermore, the integration of the Malmquist productivity index captures the dynamic trajectory of public sector performance and disentangles efficiency variations from technological shifts. Results: Empirical estimations reveal substantial technical inefficiency over the entire period, characterized by a disconnect between the hierarchy of scores and countries' income levels. Counterintuitively, middle-income economies, particularly those in the lower-middle bracket, display a better average optimization of their budgetary resources compared to high-income countries. The latter suffer from diminishing marginal returns, attributable to the relative hypertrophy of their public sector. Conclusions: The study advocates for a strategic realignment and a structural reconfiguration of budgetary allocation rather than quantitative expansion for high and middle-income countries. For low-income economies, strengthening institutional quality proves imperative to guarantee increased resilience against exogenous macroeconomic shocks. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| DEA؛ Efficiency؛ Public-sector-performance؛ Public-spending | ||
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