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Rezaei, Mehdi, Nakhaei, Arshnoos, Kazeminia, Mahdi. (1405). Two-Pass Video Rate Controller with Globally Optimal Rate-Distortion and Buffer Constraints for Variable Bitrate Applications of H.266/VVC. نشریه علمی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان, (), -. doi: 10.22111/ieco.2026.55881.1774
Mehdi Rezaei; Arshnoos Nakhaei; Mahdi Kazeminia. "Two-Pass Video Rate Controller with Globally Optimal Rate-Distortion and Buffer Constraints for Variable Bitrate Applications of H.266/VVC". نشریه علمی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان, , , 1405, -. doi: 10.22111/ieco.2026.55881.1774
Rezaei, Mehdi, Nakhaei, Arshnoos, Kazeminia, Mahdi. (1405). 'Two-Pass Video Rate Controller with Globally Optimal Rate-Distortion and Buffer Constraints for Variable Bitrate Applications of H.266/VVC', نشریه علمی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان, (), pp. -. doi: 10.22111/ieco.2026.55881.1774
Rezaei, Mehdi, Nakhaei, Arshnoos, Kazeminia, Mahdi. Two-Pass Video Rate Controller with Globally Optimal Rate-Distortion and Buffer Constraints for Variable Bitrate Applications of H.266/VVC. نشریه علمی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان, 1405; (): -. doi: 10.22111/ieco.2026.55881.1774

Two-Pass Video Rate Controller with Globally Optimal Rate-Distortion and Buffer Constraints for Variable Bitrate Applications of H.266/VVC

International Journal of Industrial Electronics Control and Optimization
مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 12 مهر 1405    اصل مقاله (1.01 M)
نوع مقاله: Original Article
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22111/ieco.2026.55881.1774
نویسندگان
Mehdi Rezaei* 1؛ Arshnoos Nakhaei2؛ Mahdi Kazeminia3
1University of Sistan and Baluchestan
2University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Department of Communications Engineering, Zahedan, Iran.
3Velayat University
چکیده
This paper introduces a two-pass rate control algorithm tailored for offline variable-bitrate applications that conform to the H.266/VVC standard. In the first pass, a rate controller at the group-of-pictures (GOP) level is used for encoding to collect the data required for the second pass. In the second pass, a Genetic algorithm (GA) directly determines optimal quantization parameters for all GOPs in the sequence simultaneously. It minimizes a global sequence-level rate-distortion (R-D) objective function while ensuring adherence to the buffering constraints. In fact, it uses the available buffer space to provide optimal bitrate variations, thereby minimizing rate-distortion. The proposed controller is implemented in the VVC test model (VTM) and evaluated against several benchmarks. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior performance on the R-D objective function used in the GA. This achievement includes significant bitrate reductions and quality improvements while adhering to the buffering constraint. Moreover, the proposed controller achieves a more stable quality, resulting in higher visual quality for the reconstructed video.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Genetic Algorithm؛ H.266/VVC؛ Video Rate Control؛ Optimization؛ Two-pass
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