| تعداد نشریات | 31 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 834 |
| تعداد مقالات | 8,015 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 14,855,506 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 9,588,353 |
Exploring Iranian EFL Learners’ (In)sincerity in Compliments through Prosodic Features | ||
| Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies | ||
| دوره 14، شماره 1، مرداد 2022، صفحه 145-162 اصل مقاله (373.79 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22111/ijals.2022.7242 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Hamid Allami* 1؛ Mahboubeh Javidizadeh2 | ||
| 1Department of English Language Teaching, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2English Department, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Prosody is a fundamental aspect of speech communication through which (un)truthfulness and (in)sincerity of speech can be identified. The focus of the study is on the prosodic features of (in)sincere compliments among EFL learners. Twenty male and female EFL learners were selected through Oxford Quick Placement Test. The participants did role-plays based on situations on compliment topics and their voices were recorded in a recording studio. The produced compliments were transferred to Praat software for acoustic analysis. Also, two native speakers (one male and one female) were requested to read the produced compliments both in a sincere and insincere manner. Their voices were transferred to Praat software for acoustic analysis to establish the baseline of the study. The prosodic features of the participants’ voices were compared with those of native speakers to determine the (in)sincerity of the compliments on a 5-point scale. Results showed that sincere compliments are produced with a higher pitch. Concerning the gender of the participants, males were sincerer than females. Regarding the proficiency level of the participants, there was no significant prosodic feature in determining the sincerity of their compliments. Both intermediate and advanced groups were similar to native speakers in giving sincere compliments. The results of the study open up new horizons for the importance of vocal cues in evaluating sincerity in speech acts. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| compliment؛ pragmatics؛ prosody؛ sincerity؛ speech act | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Adler, N. J. (1991). International dimensions of organizational behaviour (2nd Edition). PWS-KENT Publishing Company.
Booth, B. M., Gupta, R., Papadopoulos, P., Travadi, R., & Narayanan, S. S. (2016). Automatic Estimation of Perceived Sincerity from Spoken Language. In Interspeech (pp. 2021–2025).
Cheang, H. S., & Pell, M. D. (2008). The sound of sarcasm. Speech Communication, 50(5), 366–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2007.11.003.
Chowdhury, S. M., Jeon, J. Y., Kim, C., & Kim, S. H. (2021). Gender differences in repeated dishonest behaviour: Experimental evidence. Games, 12(2), 44. https://doi.org/10.3390/g12020044
Couper-Kuhlen, E., & Selting, M. (1996). Prosody in conversation: Interactional studies. Cambridge University Press.
Cutler, A. (2012). Native listening: Language experience and the recognition of spoken words. MIT Press.
DePaulo, B. M., Kashy, D. A., Kirkendol, S. E., Wyer, M. M., & Epstein, J. A. (1996). Lying in everyday life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(5), 979.
DePaulo, B. M., Lindsay, J. J., Malone, B. E., Muhlenbruck, L., Charlton, K., & Cooper, H. (2003). Cues to deception. Psychological Bulletin, 129(1), 74–118. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.1.74
Fish, K., Rothermich, K., & Pell, M. D. (2017). The sound of (in)sincerity. Journal of Pragmatics, 121, 147–161. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1016/j.pragma.2017.10.008
Gibbs, J. P. (2000). Wetland loss and biodiversity conservation. Conservation Biology, 14(1), 314-317.
Haiman, J. (1997). Repetition and identity. Lingua, 100(1-4), 57–70.
Holmes, J. (1995). Men, women and politeness. Longman.
Hutchby, I., & Wooffitt, R (1999). Conversation analysis: Principles, practices, and applications. Polity press.
Levine, E. E., & Schweitzer, M. E. (2015). Prosocial lies: When deception breeds trust. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 126, 88–106.
Levitan, S. I., Maredia, A., & Hirschberg, J. (2018). Linguistic cues to deception and perceived deception in interview dialogues. In Proceedings of the 2018 conference of the North American chapter of the association for computational linguistics: Human language technologies, (1941–1950). New Orleans, Louisiana
Malmir A., & Taji, N. (2021). The interplay of action, context, and linguistic vs. non-linguistic resources in L2 pragmatic performance: The case of requests and refusals. Language Related Research (LRR), 12(3), 215–253. https://doi.org/10.29252/LRR.12.3.8
Matsuoka, R. (2003, May 10-11). Gender variation in explicitness of proffering compliments. Proceeding of the 2nd annual JALT Pan-SIG conference. Kyoto, Japan, Institute of Technology.
Rigoulot, S., Fish, K., & Pell, M. D. (2014). Neural correlates of inferring speaker sincerity from white lies: An event-related potential source localization study. Brain Research, 1565, 48–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2014.04.022
Rockwell, P. (2000). Lower, slower, louder: Vocal cues of sarcasm. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 29(5), 483-495. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005120109296
Rockwell, P. (2007). Vocal features of conversational sarcasm: A comparison of methods. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 36(5), 361–369.
Rockwell, P., Buller, D., & Burgoon, J. (1997). Measurement of deceptive voices: Comparing acoustic and perceptual data. Applied Psycholinguistics, 18(4), 471–484.
Salameh, A. (2001). Compliment responses in American English, Saudi Arabic and the English of Saudi EFL learners [Doctoral dissertation, University of Leicester, UK].
Shabani, M., Malmir, A., & Salehizadeh, S. (2019). A contrastive analysis of Persian and English compliment, request, and invitation patterns within the semantic metalanguage framework. Journal of Language and Translation, 9(4), 17–34. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.20088590.2019.9.4.2.6
Spence, K., Villar, G., & Arciuli, J. (2012). Markers of deception in Italian speech. Frontiers in psychology, 3, 453. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00453
Szczepek, R. B. (2006). Prosodic orientation in English conversation. Palgrave Macmillan.
Tepperman, J., Traum, D., & Narayanan, S. (2006, September 17-21). Yeah right: Sarcasm recognition for spoken dialogue systems [Paper Presentation]. Ninth international conference on spoken language processing, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Tyler, J. M., & Feldman, R. S. (2004). Truth, lies, and self‐presentation: How gender and anticipated future interaction relate to deceptive behaviour 1. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 34(12), 2602–2615.
Wang, Y. F., & Tsai, P. H. (2003). An empirical study on compliments and compliment responses in Taiwan Mandarin conversation. Concentric: Studies in Linguistics, 29(2), 118–156.
Yu, M. C. (2005). Sociolinguistic competence in the complimenting act of native Chinese and American English speakers: A mirror of cultural value. Language and Speech, 48(1), 91–119. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F00238309050480010501 | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 350 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 320 |
||