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MohammadKazemi, Reza, Zeraatkar, Ahmadreza. (1404). Framework for the Internationalization of Manufacturing Small and Medium Enterprises in Times of Financial Crises: A Case Study of Iran. نشریه علمی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان, 17(2), 129-152. doi: 10.22111/ijbds.2025.52091.2234
Reza MohammadKazemi; Ahmadreza Zeraatkar. "Framework for the Internationalization of Manufacturing Small and Medium Enterprises in Times of Financial Crises: A Case Study of Iran". نشریه علمی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان, 17, 2, 1404, 129-152. doi: 10.22111/ijbds.2025.52091.2234
MohammadKazemi, Reza, Zeraatkar, Ahmadreza. (1404). 'Framework for the Internationalization of Manufacturing Small and Medium Enterprises in Times of Financial Crises: A Case Study of Iran', نشریه علمی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان, 17(2), pp. 129-152. doi: 10.22111/ijbds.2025.52091.2234
MohammadKazemi, Reza, Zeraatkar, Ahmadreza. Framework for the Internationalization of Manufacturing Small and Medium Enterprises in Times of Financial Crises: A Case Study of Iran. نشریه علمی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان, 1404; 17(2): 129-152. doi: 10.22111/ijbds.2025.52091.2234

Framework for the Internationalization of Manufacturing Small and Medium Enterprises in Times of Financial Crises: A Case Study of Iran

International Journal of Business and Development Studies
مقاله 7، دوره 17، شماره 2، دی 2025، صفحه 129-152    اصل مقاله (506.56 K)
نوع مقاله: Research Paper
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22111/ijbds.2025.52091.2234
نویسندگان
Reza MohammadKazemi* 1؛ Ahmadreza Zeraatkar2
1Professor of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran. Email: r_mkazemi@ut.ac.ir
2PhD Candidate in Entrepreneurship, Kish Campus, University of Tehran
چکیده
Objective: This study aims to develop a comprehensive framework to support the internationalization of Iranian manufacturing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) during financial crises, addressing challenges posed by economic sanctions, currency devaluation, and global disruptions such as the COVID-19.
Methods: A qualitative methodology was utilized, employing thematic analysis of data collected through 20 semi-structured interviews with managers from SMEs in the automotive parts, food, industrial machinery, plastics, and pharmaceutical sectors. Data were analyzed using MAXQDA software, applying open, axial, and selective coding to identify key themes. Validity was ensured through data triangulation, inter-coder reliability (Cohen’s kappa = 0.82), and participant verification of transcripts.
Results: The analysis identified key drivers, including currency devaluation (85%), domestic market stagnation (75%), and opportunities in neighboring markets (95%). Major challenges included foreign currency payment difficulties (85%), logistical barriers (80%), and lack of awareness of international regulations (60%). Strategies encompassed flexible currency contracts (90%), barter trade (60%), cryptocurrencies (25%), and export-oriented technological advancements (55%). Market entry pathways, consistent with the Uppsala model, included commercial networks (95%), local agents (95%), and international exhibitions (45%). Outcomes comprised sustainable growth (85%), entry into new markets (75%), and job retention (60%). The proposed Structural Interpretive Model (SIM) integrates the Uppsala model, network theory, and risk management principles.
Conclusions: The SIM offers a practical framework for Iranian SMEs, validated through theoretical and practical triangulation, with potential applicability to other sanctioned economies. Recommendations include implementing training programs, enhancing government support, and investing in digital infrastructure to strengthen SME resilience and global competitiveness.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Internationalization؛ Small and Medium Enterprises؛ Economic Crisis
مراجع

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