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نقش آزادی های سیاسی و اقتصادی در توسعه انسانی: مشاهدات از نمونه جهانی | ||
اقتصاد باثبات | ||
مقاله 4، دوره 3، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 8، مهر 1401، صفحه 72-104 اصل مقاله (1.65 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22111/sedj.2022.43713.1248 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
عبدالمبین مرادی1؛ مهدی حاج امینی* 2؛ سیدنظام الدین مکیان3 | ||
1کارشناسی ارشد اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران | ||
2استادیار دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و حسابداری،دانشگاه یزد ، یزد، ایران | ||
3دانشیار دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه یزد،یزد، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
در رابطه با فرآیند توسعه دو دیدگاه کلی وجود دارد. گروهی معقتدند گذار توسعه فرآیندی بیرحم و نیازمند مشت آهنین است؛ در نتیجه میتوان آزادی های سیاسی و اقتصادی را تا وقتی که درآمد سرانه به حد کافی افزایش یابد، به تعویق انداخت. در مقابل، گروهی گذار توسعه را یک فرآیند دوستانه و مهربانانه میدانند و معقتدند استراتژی رشد محور به همراه تقویت آزادی های سیاسی-اجتماعی ممکن خواهد بود. پژوهش حاضر به بررسی نقش آزادی های سیاسی و اقتصادی در دستیابی به «توسعه انسانی» پرداخته است. . بدین منظور، اطلاعات 119 کشور طی دوره زمانی 1970-2018 (2497 مشاهده) جمع آوری و با تجزیه و تحلیل واریانس دوطرفه مسئله ی پژوهش واکاوی شده است. یافته ها نشان داده سطح آزادی سیاسی تفاوت توسعه انسانی و زیرشاخص های آن (درآمد سرانه، آموزش و بهداشت) میان کشورهای جهان را توضیح می دهد. نقش آزادی اقتصادی نیز به طور ضعیف تر و برای دهه های 1990 به بعد تأیید شده است. بنابراین توسعه انسانی بدون گسترش آزادی های مدنی و حقوق سیاسی مبتنی بر دموکراسی شدنی نیست، اگرچه تحقق آزادی سیاسی نیز به تنهایی ممکن است کافی نباشد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
توسعه انسانی؛ آزادی سیاسی؛ آزادی اقتصادی؛ تجزیه و تحلیل واریانس دوطرفه | ||
مراجع | ||
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