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Garakani Dashteh, Shahin, Mortezaei, Mohammad, Garakani Dashteh, Parnia. (1401). A Comparison Between the Permanent Settlements of the Ilkhanid and Mongol Emperors Based on the Prefixes Used in Manuscripts. نشریه علمی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان, 12(1), 101-121. doi: 10.22111/ijas.2022.7499
Shahin Garakani Dashteh; Mohammad Mortezaei; Parnia Garakani Dashteh. "A Comparison Between the Permanent Settlements of the Ilkhanid and Mongol Emperors Based on the Prefixes Used in Manuscripts". نشریه علمی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان, 12, 1, 1401, 101-121. doi: 10.22111/ijas.2022.7499
Garakani Dashteh, Shahin, Mortezaei, Mohammad, Garakani Dashteh, Parnia. (1401). 'A Comparison Between the Permanent Settlements of the Ilkhanid and Mongol Emperors Based on the Prefixes Used in Manuscripts', نشریه علمی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان, 12(1), pp. 101-121. doi: 10.22111/ijas.2022.7499
Garakani Dashteh, Shahin, Mortezaei, Mohammad, Garakani Dashteh, Parnia. A Comparison Between the Permanent Settlements of the Ilkhanid and Mongol Emperors Based on the Prefixes Used in Manuscripts. نشریه علمی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان, 1401; 12(1): 101-121. doi: 10.22111/ijas.2022.7499

A Comparison Between the Permanent Settlements of the Ilkhanid and Mongol Emperors Based on the Prefixes Used in Manuscripts

Iranian Journal of Archaeological Studies
دوره 12، شماره 1، 2022، صفحه 101-121    اصل مقاله (5.25 M)
نوع مقاله: Research Article
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22111/ijas.2022.7499
نویسندگان
Shahin Garakani Dashteh* 1؛ Mohammad Mortezaei2؛ Parnia Garakani Dashteh3
1History and Archaeology Department, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2Iranian Center for Archaeological Research (ICAR), Tehran, Iran.
3Department of Conservation of Historic Buildings and Sites, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده
Seasonal settlements of the Mongol rulers fall into the two general classes of temporary and permanent settlements, which were scattered across the territory under their influence. According to historical reports and archaeological documents, permanent settlements were constructed using building materials in certain Yaylaqs (summer quarters) and Qishlaqs (winter quarters) or on the outskirts of urban centers, and were periodically used by Mongol rulers. Historical texts from the Ilkhanid period use three different names of Qarshi, Kushk and Saray to refer to such settlements, highlighting the differing structures of the pertaining settlements. The present study aims to offer a classification for permanent settlements of the Mongol and Ilkhanid rulers via semantically and functionally interpreting the terms Qarshi, Kushk and Saray. To this end, apart from archaeological documents, Chinese terms referring to the permanent settlements of the Mongol rulers are invoked. The results of this analytical-historical research show that in light of the prefixes used in the Persian texts deriving from the Ilkhanid period, the permanent
settlements of the Mongol empires and Ilkhans split into two categories: Saray and Kushk. Sarays were a series of ceremonial buildings located mostly in the main cities or important seasonal residences and are comparable to the Gongchengs of the Mongols in China. Kushk mainly denoted a midway residence, where the sole existing building was a single Kushk or Qarshi.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Permanent Settlements؛ Periodic Settlements؛ Seasonal Settlements؛ Mongol Empire؛ Ilkhanid Dynasty
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