پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 31 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 825 |
| تعداد مقالات | 7,903 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 14,563,189 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 9,430,257 |
A Minimalist Analysis of PRO in Persian: Merge Theory of Control | ||
| Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies | ||
| دوره 17، شماره 2، دی 2025، صفحه 41-64 اصل مقاله (578.03 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22111/ijals.2025.47980.2428 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Abbas Ali Ahangar* ؛ Hoda Siavashi | ||
| Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The control construction has attracted the attention of a considerable number of linguists since the early development of generative grammar. The present study examines the properties of PRO in Persian, adopting the syntactic approach developed in Kim’s (2003) theory of Merge Control within the minimalist framework. According to this theory, the control construction is fundamentally based on the theta-domain relation between PRO and its controller. The findings indicate that Kim’s theory of Merge Control addresses certain issues related to promise verbs, which challenge two key properties of PRO, namely, the locality and C-command conditions. Within this framework, there is no need to distinguish between obligatory and non-obligatory control; instead, the distinction should be made between complement and adjunct control clauses. Consequently, the violation of the proposed properties of PRO in Persian is resolved because the theory accounts for the objects of promise verbs in control constructions as adjuncts rather than complements. As a result, such objects are neither theta-marked by the promise verbs nor passivized, and they do not function as the controller of PRO. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Minimalist program؛ PRO؛ merge theory of control؛ promise verbs | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Chomsky, N. (1981). Lectures on government and binding. Foris, Dordrecht.
Chomsky, N., & Lasnik, H. (1993). The Theory of Principles and Parameters. In J. Jacobs, A. von Stechow, W. Sternefeld, & T. Vennemann (Eds.), Syntax: An International Handbook of Contemporary Research (pp. 506-569). Mouton de Gruyter. (Reprinted in N. Chomsky (1995). The Minimalist Program (Current Studies in Linguistics 28), 13-127. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press). https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110095869.1.9.506 Chomsky, N. (1994). A minimalist program for linguistic theory, In K. Hale & S. J.Keyser, (Eds.). The View From Building, 20, MIT Press, 1-52.
Collins, C. (2002) Eliminating Labels. In S. D. Epstein & T. D. Seely (eds.) Derivation and Explanation in the Minimalist Program. Blackwell, 42-64
Culicover, P. & Jackendoff, R. (2001). Control is not movement. Linguistic Inquiry, 32 (3), 493-512.
Culicover, P. & Jackendoff, R. (2005). Simpler syntax. Oxford university press, Oxford.
Danayetusi, M. (2001/1380). Object control construction in Persian. Journal of the faculty of literature and Humanities of Tehran University, 157, 203-220. (In Persian)
Darzi, A. & Motavalliannaeini, R. (2010). The minimalist distance principle and obligatory control in Persian. Language Sciences, 32, 488-504.
Hashemipour, P. (1988). Finite control in modern Persian. In Hagit Borer (Eds). Proceeding of the 7th meeting of the west coast conference on formal linguistics, Stanford Linguistics Association, Stanford: CA, 115-128.
Hashemipour, M. (1989). Pronominalization and control in modern Persian. [Doctoral Dissertation, University of California, San Diego].
Hojatollah Taleghani, A. (2006). The interaction of modality, aspect and negation. [Doctoral Dissertation, tion, the Arizona University].
Hornestein, N. (1999). Movement and control. Linguistic Inquiry, 30(1), 69-96.
Karimi, S. (2005). A minimalist approach to scrambling: Evidence from Persian. Berlin, Mouton de Gruyter.
Karimi, S. (2008). Raising and control in Persian. In S. Karimi, D. Stilo, & V. Samiian (Eds.), Aspects of Iranian linguistics (pp. 177-208). Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Kim, Y. S. (1989). A unified theory of control in English. [Doctoral Dissertation, Seoul National University].
Kim, Y.S. (2003). Merge theory of control and implicit argument control. Studies in Generative Grammar, 13, 285-30.
Koster, J. (1984). On binding and control. Linguistic Inquiry ,15, 417-459.
Landau, I. (2000). Element of control: structure and meaning of infinitival constructions. Studies in Natural language and Linguistic Theory. Kluwer Publishers: Dordrecht.
Landau, I. (2003). Movement out of control. Linguistic Inquiry 34(3), 471–498. https://doi.org/10.1162/002438903322247560
Landau, I. (2004). The scale of finiteness and the calculus of control. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 22, 811–877.
Manzini, M., & Roussou, A. (2000).A minimalist theory of A-movement and control. Lingua, 110, 409-447.
Martin, R. (1996). A minimalist theory of PRO and control. [Doctoral Dissertation, University of Connecticut Storrs].
Martin, R. (2001). Null case and the distribution of PRO. Linguistic Inquiry, 32(1), 141-166.
Motavalliannaeini, R. (2015/1394). Distribution of PRO in Persian OC constructions. Language Related Research, 22, 253-280. (In Persian)
Moenzadeh, A. & Mosafa Jahromi, A. (2010/1388). PRO in Persian: A possible construction. Journal of Linguistics & Khorasan Dialects, 1, 57-94. (In Persian)
Piruz, M. (2011/1389). A review on PRO properties. Journal of Linguistics & Khorasan Dialects, 3, 57-94. (In Persian)
Piruz, M. (2016/1395). The case of PRO. Language researches. 25, 23-57(In Persian)
Radford, A. (1988). Transformational grammar. 2nd Edition, Cambridge University.
Rosenbaum, P. (1967). The grammar of English predicate complement constructions. M.I.T Press.
Sportiche. D., & Koopman, H. (1989). Pronouns, logical variables and logophoricity in Abe, Linguistic Inquiry, 20(4), 555-589
Williams, E. (1980). Predication. Linguistic Inquiry, 11(1), 203-238
Wurmbrand, S. (1999). Modal verbs must be raising verbs, In J. D. H. Sonya Bird, Andrew Carnie & P. Nerquest (Eds.) Proceedings of the 18th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics (pp. 599–612), Cascadilla Press, Somerville, MA. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 306 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 75 |
||